Consider a 52-year-old S corporation owner filing as single in 2026, earning $190,000 in W-2 wages and having $560,000 in taxable income before retirement contributions. Assuming the retirement plans permit the contributions and all amounts are deductible, the owner could contribute $32,500 to a traditional 401(k), including an $8,000 catch-up contribution, while the S corporation contributes an additional $11,400 (6% of W-2 compensation) to the 401(k) and $150,000 to a cash balance pension plan, subject to actuarial approval. This results in $193,900 in total retirement contributions, potentially generating approximately $67,865 in federal income tax savings at a 35% marginal tax rate. This illustration assumes the owner’s 2025 W-2 wages from the S corporation were $150,000 or less, as they would be if the practice first became an S corporation in 2026, so the catch-up contribution can be made on a pre-tax basis, that all contributions are deductible, and that the contributions do not change the applicable marginal tax rate. Actual tax savings depend on individual circumstances, plan eligibility, and applicable tax rules.
- Employee 401(k) deferral, including the $8,000 catch-up
- 35% of $32,500 = $11,375
- Employer 401(k) contribution, 6% of $190,000 of W-2 pay
- 35% of $11,400 = $3,990
- Cash balance contribution
- 35% of $150,000 = $52,500
- Approximate federal tax savings, on $193,900 of contributions
- $67,865
It is deferral, not avoidance: the money is taxed when it comes out in retirement, usually at a lower rate, and it grows untaxed until then. The two staff have to be covered too, which is part of the cost, and the contribution is a commitment for several years. Planning designs the plan for the income instead of taking the default.
Federal income tax only. Sources: IRS, 401(k) limit increases to $24,500 for 2026 (the deferral and the $8,000 catch-up); IRS, 401(k) and profit-sharing plan contribution limits (the $72,000 limit on what goes into one account in 2026); IRS, combined limits under section 404(a)(7) (an employer contribution of no more than 6% of pay sits outside the combined deduction limit); IRS, catch-up contributions (from 2026, catch-up contributions are Roth when the prior year’s wages from the employer were over $150,000); IRS, tax year 2026 inflation adjustments (the 35% bracket, from $256,225 to $640,600 for a single filer). The cash balance contribution is an assumption; an actuary sets the real one. Checked 10 October 2026.